sistema digestório
O sistema digestório, também conhecido como sistema gastrointestinal ou sistema digestivo, é responsável pela ingestão, digestão, absorção de nutrientes e eliminação de resíduos do corpo. Ele é então composto por uma série de órgãos e estruturas que trabalham em conjunto para processar os alimentos.
composição
Boca:
- Local onde a digestão começa.
- Os dentes trituram o alimento, e a língua o manipula para formar o bolo alimentar.
- As glândulas salivares produzem saliva, que contém enzimas digestivas, como a amilase, que começam a quebrar os carboidratos.
Faringe:
- É um tubo muscular localizado na parte posterior da garganta.
- Funciona como uma via comum para o ar e alimentos.
- A faringe direciona o alimento para o esôfago durante a deglutição.
Esôfago:
- Um tubo muscular que conecta a faringe ao estômago.
- Utiliza movimentos musculares coordenados, conhecidos como movimentos peristálticos, para empurrar o alimento para o estômago.
Estômago
- Órgão muscular em forma de bolsa localizado no abdômen superior.
- Armazena e mistura o alimento com suco gástrico, que contém ácido clorídrico e enzimas digestivas, como a pepsina, que começam a digerir proteínas.
- O estômago também secreta muco para proteger sua parede interna do ácido gástrico.
Intestino Delgado:
- É composto por três partes: o duodeno, o jejuno e o íleo.
- Aqui é onde a maior parte da digestão e absorção de nutrientes ocorre.
- As enzimas pancreáticas e bile, secretadas pelo pâncreas e pela vesícula biliar, respectivamente, ajudam a digerir gorduras, proteínas e carboidratos.
- As vilosidades e microvilosidades aumentam a superfície de absorção no intestino delgado.
Intestino Grosso:
- Composto pelo cólon ascendente, cólon transverso, cólon descendente, cólon sigmoide e reto.
- Absorve água e eletrólitos dos resíduos alimentares, formando fezes.
- As bactérias intestinais ajudam a fermentar fibras e outros materiais não digeridos.
- O reto armazena as fezes até que sejam eliminadas pelo ânus durante a defecação.
Glândulas Anexas:
- Incluem o fígado, pâncreas e vesícula biliar.
- O fígado produz bile, que é armazenada na vesícula biliar e liberada no intestino delgado para ajudar na digestão de gorduras.
- O pâncreas secreta enzimas digestivas no intestino delgado e hormônios reguladores da glicose no sangue.
- Esses são os principais componentes do sistema digestório, que trabalham em conjunto para processar os alimentos, extrair nutrientes essenciais e eliminar resíduos do corpo.
CONCLUSÃO
Esses então são os orgão que compoem o sistema digestorio e trabalham em conjunto para processar os alimentos, extrai os nutrientes necessarios para o corpo humano e eliminar resíduos do corpo humano.
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